The accurate fault locator is an essential component to minimize the outages after a persistent fault and/or to pinpoint a weak spot on the line.

　　The fault locator is an impedance measuring function giving the distance to the fault in percent, km or miles. The main advantage is the high accuracy achieved by compensating for load current and for the mutual zero-sequence effect on double circuit lines.

　　The compensation includes setting of the remote and local sources and calculation of the distribution of fault currents from each side. This distribution of fault current, together with recorded load (pre-fault) currents, is used to exactly calculate the fault position. The fault can be recalculated with new source data at the actual fault to further increase the accuracy.

　　Especially on heavily loaded long lines (where the fault locator is most important) where the source voltage angles can be up to 35-40 degrees apart the accuracy can be still maintained with the advanced compensation included in fault locator.

　　Metering

　　Pulse counter logic PCGGIO

　　Pulse counter (PCGGIO) function counts externally generated binary pulses, for instance pulses coming from an external energy meter, for calculation of energy consumption values. The pulses are captured by the binary input module and then read by the function. A scaled service value is available over the station bus. The special Binary input module with enhanced pulse counting capabilities must be ordered to achieve this functionality.

　　Function for energy calculation and demand handling ETPMMTR

　　Outputs from the Measurements (CVMMXN) function can be used to calculate energy consumption. Active as well as reactive values are calculated in import and export direction. Values can be read or generated as pulses. Maximum demand power values are also calculated by the function.

　　Basic IED functions

　　Time synchronization

　　The time synchronization source selector is used to select a common source of absolute time for the IED when it is a part of a protection system. This makes it possible to compare event and disturbance data between all IEDs in a station automation system

　　Human machine interface

　　Human machine interface

　　The local HMI is divided into zones with different functionality.

　　• Status indication LEDs.

　　• Alarm indication LEDs, which consist of 15 LEDs (6 red and 9 yellow) with user printable label. All LEDs are configurable from PCM600.

　　• Liquid crystal display (LCD).

　　• Keypad with push buttons for control and navigation purposes, switch for selection between local and remote control and reset.

　　• Isolated RJ45 communication port.

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